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How Engine Sizes Are Calculated

 The displacement of an engine is the total internal volume of the cylinders at the bottom (i.e. minimum compression point) of the piston’s stroke. 



Thus, a 2.4-litre straight 4 in your Camry will have a single row of four cylinders, each with an internal volume of 600ml. The 1.8-litre engine in your Corolla has a single row of four cylinders as well, each with an internal volume of 45oml. 

You can have 1.2, 1.6 and 1.8 litre variants of the same block; the cylinders simply have thinner or thicker walls.

The external size of an engine isn’t a reliable guide to its internal displacement, because the latter only takes into account the size of the holes bored or cast into the cylinder block.

A full engine also includes the cylinder head or heads, manifolds, camshaft and rocker covers, pumps, filters, coolant inlets and outlets, mounting points for other components……and that, is why a 2-litre engine is a lot bigger than 2 litres!


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